Wiki source code of Oidium

Version 10.3 by Andreas Gallaun on 2025/02/23 15:43
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1 //Erysiphe necator,// the pathogen responsible for powdery mildew (Oidium), is a fungal disease that poses a significant threat to viticulture worldwide. Its ability to infect grapevines throughout their growing season makes it one of the most challenging diseases to manage effectively. To assist grape growers in combating this pathogen, we offer a predictive model that evaluates the risk of infection and helps determine the optimal timing for fungicide applications. By focusing on precision, our model supports more efficient use of fungicides, reducing both costs and environmental impact. In this wiki, we will explain the prediction model and where you can find the information to combat oidium.
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3 {{children/}}
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5 After a weather station and the tab "Oidium" was selected three different levels of detail of the prediction model for oidium are selectable. The three levels of detail (in ascending order) are Übersicht, Kombiansicht and Detailansicht.
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7 [[image:1733745351682-458.png||height="81" width="644"]]
8
9 == Übersicht ==
10
11 In this tab you find all necessary information in one graph, it should provide an overview of the most important information. In the graph you will find:
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13 * Weather data
14 * Leaf wetness
15 * Oidium risk
16 * Leaf growth
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18 [[image:1733745388829-447.png||height="294" width="522"]]
19
20 === Weather data ===
21
22 Depicted is:
23
24 * **Humidity** (blue line) shows air moisture, which is critical for spore germination.
25 * **Average Temperature** (red line) influences the speed of pathogen development.
26 * **Min and max temperature **(transparent light red) indicating thresholds for the pathogen
27 * **Precipitation** (blue bars) indicates periods when the vine leaves are wet, creating optimal conditions for infection
28
29 === Leaf wetness ===
30
31 Below the weather data, you will find a bar which indicates leaf wetness (BN). In the "[[Detailansicht>>url:https://wiki.vitimeteo.info/bin/view/Entwurf/VitiMeteo%20Website/Prediction%20models/Peronospora/#Detailansicht]]" you can see a more detailed version of this section.
32
33 === Oidium risk ===
34
35 Colorcoded you will find the risk for an infection with Oidium. We derive the oidium risk based on the OiDiag method.
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37 * **Yellow (low risk): **infection risk is below 33%
38 * **Orange (medium risk): **infection risk is between 34-66%
39 * **Red (high risk):** infection risk is above 66%
40
41 === Leaf growth ===
42
43 We derive our leaf growth model from the "Rebflächenwachstumsmodell" written by **Schultz (2003)**. Depicted in the model is:
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45 * Dark green indicates the total leaf area (in cm²)
46 * Bright green shows the leaf area which is currently growing
47 * On the right, you can see a prediction of leaf growth for the upcoming days
48
49 == {{id name="Kombiansicht"/}}Kombiansicht ==
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51 In this "Kombiansicht" you can find all necessary information to plan plant protection. After you selcted a date that you want to analze, this graph will appear: [[image:1733748738288-773.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="442" width="749"]]
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53 (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
54 Depicted in the graph is:
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56 * Weather data
57 * Leaf wetness
58 * Oidium infection risk
59 * BBCH-Stage
60 * Leaf growth model
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62 (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
63 On the right side of the "Kombiansicht" it is possible to select:
64
65 * Info
66 * Legende
67 * Phänologie
68 * Behandlung Wirkungsdauer
69
70 === Weather data ===
71
72 In the weather data section of the graph, in which you will find:
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74 [[Weather data of the "Kombiansicht">>image:1733749264969-262.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="99" width="544"]]
75
76 * **Average temperature** (red line) influences the speed of pathogen development
77 * **Min/max temperature **(light red gradient)
78 * **Precipitation** (blue bars) indicates periods when the vine leaves are wet, creating optimal conditions for infection
79 * **Relative humidity **(light blue), which is calculated as an average value per day
80
81 === Leaf wetness ===
82
83 [[Leaf wetness hours from the Kombiansicht>>image:1733749297388-880.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="45" width="636"]]
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85 Below the weather data, you will find a bar which indicates leaf wetness (BN). In the "[[Detailansicht>>url:https://wiki.vitimeteo.info/bin/view/Entwurf/VitiMeteo%20Website/Prediction%20models/Peronospora/#Detailansicht]]" you can see a more detailed version of this section.
86
87 === Oidium infection risk ===
88
89 [[Oidium infection risk>>image:1733749402722-743.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="45" width="634"]]
90
91 Is derived from the [[OiDiag>>doc:Entwurf.Tools.OiDiag model.WebHome]] method. Desribed [[here>>doc:Entwurf.Tools.OiDiag model.WebHome]].
92
93 === BBCH-Stage ===
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95 [[BBCH-stage>>image:1733749444205-928.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="60" width="878"]]
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97 Here you can see what our model thinks in which BBCH-stage you vineyard is. Compare the displayed BBCH-stage to your vineyard situation to assess the precision of the model.
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99 === Leaf growth model ===
100
101 [[Leaf growth model>>image:1733749535881-949.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="151" width="631"]]
102
103 We derive our leaf growth model from the "Rebflächenwachstumsmodell" written by **Schultz (2003)**. Depicted in the model is:
104
105 * Dark green indicates the total leaf area (in cm²)
106 * Bright green shows the leaf area which is currently growing
107 * On the right, you can see a prediction of leaf growth for the upcoming days
108
109 === Info ===
110
111 Here you can find descriptive papers of how to use our website.
112
113 === Legende ===
114
115 Describes some elements of the graph.
116
117 === Phänologie ===
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119 Here you can select if you want to see the leaf growth model or the BBCH-stages. Furthermore, you can download the generated graph as a picture.
120
121 === Behandlung Wirkungsdauer ===
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123 [[Überschrift>>image:1733750138909-464.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end"]]
124
125 In this section, you will be able to see how long the fungicide of your choice will retain its protective effect. First, select whether you want to analyze a vineyard with or without infections in previous years. If you select "Befallslage," the risk factor will increase accordingly. Next, choose the fungicide you are using and the date it was applied. Click on "Wirkungsdauer anzeigen" to display the duration of protection. A black/grey gradient will appear on the graph, indicating the duration of the protection.
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127 [[Duration of protection>>image:1733751885867-963.png||height="249" width="409"]]
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129
130 == Detailansicht ==
131
132 The **Detailansicht** provides an in-depth look at key factors influencing powdery mildew (Oidium) risk. This view is particularly useful for advanced analysis and precise planning, offering detailed data that can guide decisions. Here's what you will find in the **Detailansicht**:
133
134 ==== **Weather Data**[[image:1736697412704-204.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="70" width="528"]] ====
135
136 The **weather data** section offers an hourly breakdown of critical environmental variables:
137
138 * **Temperature:**
139 ** **Average (red line):** The primary driver of pathogen development speed.
140 ** **Min/Max (light red gradient):** Highlights temperature thresholds affecting fungal activity.
141 * **Humidity (blue line):** Represents hourly air moisture levels, critical for spore germination.
142 * **Precipitation (blue bars):** Indicates wet periods that can facilitate infection.
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144 This granular weather data allows for precise identification of infection-prone periods.
145
146 ==== **Leaf Wetness** ====
147
148 * Depicted as a **bar chart**, showing the number of hours the leaves remain wet (BN) throughout the day.
149 * Wetness duration correlates directly with fungal spore survival and infection potential.
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151 Use this data to identify extended periods of leaf wetness, which might necessitate additional fungicide applications.
152
153 ==== **Oidium Infection Risk** ====
154
155 * Derived using the **OiDiag method**, this section provides detailed risk calculations for infection. The higher the oidium index, the higher the risk for an infection.
156
157 This precise temporal resolution enables useres to plan dates for application.
158
159 ==== **Phenology and BBCH Stages**[[image:1736697541325-586.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="29" width="591"]] ====
160
161 * Displays the model’s estimation of the current **BBCH-stage** for the vineyard.
162 * This information helps assess the accuracy of the model against actual growth stages in your vineyard.
163
164 Compare these predictions to on-site observations to ensure the model aligns with reality.
165
166 ==== **Leaf Growth Model **[[image:1736697745525-166.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="25" width="576"]] ====
167
168 * Similar to other views, the **leaf growth model** is included:
169 ** **Dark Green:** Total leaf area (cm²).
170 ** **Bright Green:** Actively growing leaf area.
171 ** **Growth Predictions:** Includes a precise forecast for the coming days.
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173 This level of detail is crucial for timing fungicide applications during rapid growth phases.
174
175 === **How to Use the Detailansicht** ===
176
177 1. **Monitor Hourly Data:** Use weather and leaf wetness data to identify periods of heightened infection risk.
178 1. **Pinpoint Risk Peaks:** Check the Oidium infection risk section to see when risk levels are highest.
179 1. **Validate Phenology:** Compare BBCH-stage predictions with your observations.
180 1. **Adapt to Growth Phases:** Utilize leaf growth predictions to schedule fungicide applications more effectively, particularly during fast-growth periods.
181
182 The **Detailansicht** is a powerful tool for those seeking a deeper understanding of vineyard conditions. By using its data, growers can make well-informed decisions that enhance disease management and optimize fungicide use.